Back to Frontiers

Robotics & Embodied AI

Growing62%

Physical embodiment, VLA models, manipulation, navigation, and real-world interaction. AI that can move and interact with the physical world.

VLART-2manipulationnavigationembodiedhumanoidrobotics
15
Papers
12
Milestones
$0
Funding
1
Benchmarks

Key Benchmarks

CALVIN

Composable language-conditioned policy learning benchmark

88%Human: 95%
Leader: RT-2medium saturation

Recent Papers

Recent Milestones

Nvidia DreamZero Pushes Shared Robot World Model

On February 9, 2026, Chinese outlet Machine Heart Pro detailed Nvidia GEAR Lab’s DreamZero, a 14‑billion‑parameter world action model built on a video diffusion backbone. The system reportedly enables 7 Hz real‑time closed‑loop control and over 2x better generalization than state‑of‑the‑art vision‑language‑action baselines on unseen robotic tasks, with code and demos released publicly. ([k.sina.com.cn](https://k.sina.com.cn/article_5952915705_162d248f906702hlvi.html))

Feb 9, 2026breakthroughImpact: 70/100

Skild AI raises $1.4B for universal robot brain

US robotics startup Skild AI raised about $1.4 billion in new funding, led by SoftBank, valuing the company at over $14 billion. The round, announced January 14 and reported by Caixin on January 16, will fund development of Skild Brain, a general-purpose AI ‘brain’ designed to control many kinds of robots.

Jan 16, 2026fundingImpact: 90/100

OpenAI backs $250m Merge Labs BCI seed

OpenAI disclosed on Jan 15, 2026 that it is investing in Merge Labs, a new brain-computer interface (BCI) startup focused on linking biological and artificial intelligence. Separate reporting says Merge has raised a $250 million seed round at an $850 million valuation, with OpenAI writing the largest check.

Jan 15, 2026fundingImpact: 70/100

Hyundai’s Atlas humanoid set for factory work by 2030

Hyundai Motor Group’s Atlas humanoid robot, developed by its U.S. robotics subsidiary Boston Dynamics, was named Best Robot of CES 2026 by CNET and other global media, according to reports on January 9, 2026. The fully electric humanoid is slated for phased deployment in Hyundai manufacturing plants starting around 2028–2030 to handle parts sorting, sequencing and heavy material handling.

Jan 9, 2026releaseImpact: 70/100

Nvidia Opens Reasoning AV Stack with Alpamayo

Nvidia introduced the Alpamayo family of open-source AI tools for autonomous vehicles at CES on January 5, including a 10‑billion‑parameter Alpamayo 1 reasoning VLA model, the AlpaSim simulation framework and over 1,700 hours of driving data. The company says these tools will help developers build safer, reasoning‑based level 4 autonomy by distilling Alpamayo into production AV stacks.

Jan 5, 2026releaseImpact: 80/100

Nvidia Physical AI Stack Becomes Robotics OS

On January 5 at CES 2026, Nvidia announced a suite of physical AI tools including Cosmos world models, the Isaac GR00T N1.6 robot VLA model, the Isaac Lab-Arena evaluation framework and the Jetson T4000 edge module. Partners such as Boston Dynamics, Caterpillar, LG Electronics, NEURA Robotics and surgical robotics firm LEM Surgical showcased new robots built on this stack.

Jan 5, 2026releaseImpact: 90/100

Humanoid robots flagged as cyber-physical threat

Fierce Network reported on December 31, 2025 that a Recorded Future analysis warns humanoid robots could become major cyber-physical attack vectors as countries like China and the US deploy tens to hundreds of millions of units. The report cites real vulnerabilities in Unitree robots and argues telcos will play a key role in securing robot networks. ([fierce-network.com](https://www.fierce-network.com/cloud/hacked-humanoid-robots-are-emerging-security-threat-report))

Dec 31, 2025breakthroughImpact: 70/100

Tesla Optimus Gen 2 Demo

Tesla demonstrates Optimus Gen 2 with improved dexterity and mobility.

Dec 12, 2024releaseImpact: 78/100

Physical Intelligence $400M Funding

Physical Intelligence raises $400M at $2B valuation for general-purpose robot foundation models.

Nov 4, 2024fundingImpact: 88/100

Physical Intelligence Pi0 Model

Physical Intelligence releases pi0, a general-purpose robot foundation model.

Oct 31, 2024releaseImpact: 85/100

Boston Dynamics Atlas Electric

Boston Dynamics reveals all-electric Atlas humanoid robot for commercial deployment.

Apr 17, 2024releaseImpact: 82/100

Figure 01 OpenAI Partnership

Figure demonstrates Figure 01 humanoid robot powered by OpenAI with natural language interaction.

Mar 13, 2024releaseImpact: 85/100

Leading Organizations

DeepMind
Physical Intelligence
Tesla
Figure
Boston Dynamics

ArXiv Categories

cs.ROcs.CVcs.AIcs.LG

Related Frontiers