Hypothetical paper portfolio. No real money. Automated AI decisions. Not investment advice.
Before the AI
How the human built it
A person built this portfolio by hand, a few euros at a time, before handing it to an AI whose only job is to beat every major index on Earth. This is that earlier record, unedited: what was bought, when, and how it did against the same ten indexes the AI now races.
The human era in numbers
First trade
7 Feb 2023
209 buys, 8 sells since
Total deposited
EUR 14,673
plus EUR 52.64 of deposit fees
Value at 9 Oct
EUR 23,183
+58.0% on deposits (EUR 8,511)
Time-weighted return
+203.6%
USD terms, deposits are not gains
Indexes beaten
9 of 10
same window, same panel
Ahead of 9 of 10 indexes, but behind Semis (+378.6%). Time-weighted return +203.6% from 7 Feb 2023 to 9 Oct 2026.
The human against the ten indexes
Same start date, same currency. Positive spread means the human finished ahead; negative means the index won. Index figures are price returns of the tracking ETFs.
| Index | Index return | Human minus index | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| S&P 500 SPY | +87.5% | +116.0 pp | Ahead |
| Nasdaq 100 QQQ | +142.4% | +61.1 pp | Ahead |
| Dow DIA | +51.1% | +152.4 pp | Ahead |
| Russell 2000 IWM | +42.6% | +160.9 pp | Ahead |
| MSCI World URTH | +76.3% | +127.3 pp | Ahead |
| MSCI ACWI ACWI | +74.8% | +128.8 pp | Ahead |
| Europe VGK | +41.7% | +161.9 pp | Ahead |
| Emerging Mkts EEM | +65.2% | +138.4 pp | Ahead |
| Semis SMH | +378.6% | -175.0 pp | Behind |
| AI ETF AIQ | +178.1% | +25.5 pp | Ahead |
The equity curve
Indexed to 100 at the first trade (time-weighted, USD)
- The human
Latest: The human 304S&P 500 188Nasdaq 100 242Semis 479AI ETF 278
Weekly points. The human line chains daily returns, so a deposit never counts as a gain.
In money terms
- Deposited
- EUR 14,672.64 over 217 trades and 41 active months
- Account value
- EUR 23,183.45 (about $25,979 at 1.1206 USD per EUR), of which cash EUR 8.47
- Gain on deposits
- +EUR 8,510.81 (+58.0%)
- Annualised, money-weighted
- +30.1% per year (XIRR, weights returns by when money went in)
- Time-weighted, EUR terms
- +190.2% (the USD figure is higher or lower by the euro-dollar move)
- Dividends and interest
- EUR 180.34, counted as returns
- AI-sector share of buys
- 53% of the euros invested went to AI-sector names; 49 positions were held at handover
The time-weighted figure is the fair comparison with an index because it ignores how much money was in the account at any moment. The money-weighted figures show what the owner actually experienced. Early deposits were small and later ones larger, so the two differ.
Money added, month by month
Euros spent on new shares each month, with the instruments bought.
- Oct 2026EUR 160 ASML EUR 70, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 50, ServiceNow EUR 40
- Sep 2026EUR 302 ASML EUR 120, Tesla EUR 80, Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 50, Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 50, +1 more
- Aug 2026EUR 308 Rheinmetall EUR 56, Dlocal EUR 52, Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 50, Datadog EUR 50, +2 more
- Jul 2026EUR 310 Tesla EUR 88, ServiceNow EUR 62, IonQ EUR 60, Albemarle EUR 50, +1 more
- Jun 2026EUR 410 SpaceX EUR 103, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing EUR 100, Meta Platforms EUR 55, ASML EUR 50, +3 more
- May 2026EUR 319 Albemarle EUR 77, Dlocal EUR 75, ServiceNow EUR 68, Rolls-Royce EUR 50, +1 more
- Apr 2026EUR 415 ServiceNow EUR 155, Dlocal EUR 100, iShares Global Clean Energy Transition (Dist) EUR 100, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 59
- Mar 2026EUR 655 Rolls-Royce EUR 150, Albemarle EUR 100, Tesla EUR 100, ASML EUR 100, +4 more
- Feb 2026EUR 452 Shopify EUR 110, Albemarle EUR 90, Barclays EUR 75, Rolls-Royce EUR 60, +3 more
- Jan 2026EUR 303 Datadog EUR 100, Vodafone EUR 100, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 52, Siemens Healthineers EUR 52
- Dec 2025EUR 404 Palantir EUR 110, SoFi Technologies EUR 80, IonQ EUR 80, Adidas EUR 50, +2 more
- Nov 2025EUR 2,201 Nvidia EUR 1,450, Palantir EUR 500, SoFi Technologies EUR 150, Netflix EUR 100
- Oct 2025EUR 715 Nvidia EUR 133, Qualcomm EUR 101, UnitedHealth EUR 100, Advanced Micro Devices EUR 90, +4 more
- Sep 2025EUR 357 IonQ EUR 175, Albemarle EUR 75, Nvidia EUR 55, Novo Nordisk EUR 52
- Aug 2025EUR 304 Nvidia EUR 145, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 76, Adidas EUR 50, BYD EUR 33
- Jul 2025EUR 502 Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 125, Snowflake EUR 125, Barclays EUR 102, Adidas EUR 51, +2 more
- Jun 2025EUR 157 Snowflake EUR 82, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 75
- May 2025EUR 326 iShares MSCI Europe ex-UK GBP Hedged (Dist) EUR 177, Mercedes-Benz EUR 50, Adidas EUR 50, Volkswagen EUR 49
- Apr 2025EUR 301 McDonald's EUR 76, Medical Properties Trust EUR 75, Rolls-Royce EUR 50, Adidas EUR 50, +1 more
- Mar 2025EUR 1,153 Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 300, Adidas EUR 253, Rolls-Royce EUR 200, Snowflake EUR 160, +2 more
- Feb 2025EUR 300 Amazon EUR 100, Adidas EUR 90, Mercedes-Benz EUR 60, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 50
- Jan 2025EUR 302 Netflix EUR 125, Apple EUR 51, Rolls-Royce EUR 50, Amazon EUR 50, +1 more
- Dec 2024EUR 453 Netflix EUR 100, Amazon EUR 100, Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 75, Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 75, +2 more
- Nov 2024EUR 300 BlackRock EUR 150, Amazon EUR 100, ASML EUR 50
- Oct 2024EUR 301 Novo Nordisk EUR 100, Apple EUR 51, Meta Platforms EUR 50, Microsoft EUR 50, +1 more
- Sep 2024EUR 302 Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 155, Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 77, Meta Platforms EUR 70
- Aug 2024EUR 301 Amazon EUR 101, Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 100, McDonald's EUR 60, Nvidia EUR 40
- Jul 2024EUR 502 Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 125, Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) EUR 100, Microsoft EUR 76, Amazon EUR 50, +3 more
- Jun 2024EUR 106 Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) EUR 90, Nvidia EUR 16
- May 2024EUR 312 Meta Platforms EUR 101, Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) EUR 100, Palantir EUR 60, Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 50
- Mar 2024EUR 1,751 Coinbase EUR 500, Alphabet (Class C) EUR 400, Nvidia EUR 300, Palantir EUR 300, +3 more
- Feb 2024EUR 189 Adidas EUR 50, Domino's Pizza EUR 50, Rolls-Royce EUR 50, ASML EUR 39
- Jan 2024EUR 150 Amazon EUR 50, Advanced Micro Devices EUR 50, Nvidia EUR 50
- Dec 2023EUR 151 Coinbase EUR 50, Palantir EUR 41, Heineken EUR 30, NIO EUR 30
- Nov 2023EUR 100 Coinbase EUR 50, Heineken EUR 50
- Oct 2023EUR 100 Mercedes-Benz EUR 50, Volkswagen EUR 50
- Sep 2023EUR 151 Tesla EUR 51, Meta Platforms EUR 50, Coinbase EUR 50
- Aug 2023EUR 100 Volkswagen EUR 50, Advanced Micro Devices EUR 50
- Jul 2023EUR 201 Nvidia EUR 101, Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) EUR 100
- May 2023EUR 300 Tesla EUR 100, Palantir EUR 50, Nike EUR 50, Mercedes-Benz EUR 36, +2 more
- Feb 2023EUR 500 Alphabet (Class C) EUR 220, Amazon EUR 130, PayPal EUR 50, ExxonMobil EUR 50, +1 more
Every instrument, since its first buy
Return is value now plus sale proceeds and dividends, over euros invested. Losses are shown as loudly as wins.
| Instrument | First buy | Buys | Invested | Value at handover | Return |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PalantirAI | 25 May 2023 | 11 | EUR 1,291.03 | EUR 4,029.03 | +289.5% |
| NvidiaAI | 5 Jul 2023 | 15 | EUR 2,383.60 | EUR 2,760.59 | +51.7% |
| Alphabet (Class C)AI | 7 Feb 2023 | 9 | EUR 996.45 | EUR 2,255.95 | +127.4% |
| Rolls-Royce | 26 Feb 2024 | 12 | EUR 760.00 | EUR 1,379.59 | +83.9% |
| AmazonAI | 7 Feb 2023 | 10 | EUR 780.79 | EUR 1,145.42 | +46.7% |
| Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | 26 Jul 2023 | 12 | EUR 981.21 | EUR 1,079.02 | +10.0% |
| SnowflakeAI | 28 Mar 2025 | 4 | EUR 367.05 | EUR 726.63 | +98.0% |
| Advanced Micro DevicesAI | 28 Aug 2023 | 3 | EUR 189.99 | EUR 683.67 | +259.9% |
| Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | 26 Jul 2024 | 8 | EUR 527.69 | EUR 660.26 | +25.1% |
| TeslaAI | 1 May 2023 | 6 | EUR 460.18 | EUR 650.75 | +41.4% |
| Meta PlatformsAI | 28 Sep 2023 | 7 | EUR 453.27 | EUR 624.55 | +38.5% |
| Coinbase | 26 Sep 2023 | 5 | EUR 650.01 | EUR 578.04 | -11.1% |
| ASMLAI | 12 Feb 2024 | 8 | EUR 428.94 | EUR 574.33 | +34.3% |
| Adidas | 30 May 2023 | 12 | EUR 728.11 | EUR 529.27 | -25.7% |
| ServiceNowAI | 13 Apr 2026 | 4 | EUR 324.82 | EUR 492.43 | +51.6% |
| Netflix | 25 Mar 2024 | 7 | EUR 524.99 | EUR 398.28 | -24.1% |
| DatadogAI | 26 Jan 2026 | 3 | EUR 200.00 | EUR 368.42 | +84.2% |
| Albemarle | 5 Sep 2025 | 7 | EUR 441.77 | EUR 329.80 | -24.6% |
| IonQAI | 5 Sep 2025 | 4 | EUR 315.00 | EUR 270.47 | -14.1% |
| Dlocal | 29 Apr 2026 | 3 | EUR 227.00 | EUR 260.35 | +15.8% |
| iShares MSCI Europe ex-UK GBP Hedged (Dist) | 8 May 2025 | 3 | EUR 226.50 | EUR 254.63 | +15.3% |
| AppleAI | 30 May 2023 | 4 | EUR 181.83 | EUR 249.62 | +37.9% |
| SM Energy | 24 Oct 2025 | 2 | EUR 130.00 | EUR 214.48 | +67.9% |
| MicrosoftAI | 25 Mar 2024 | 3 | EUR 176.79 | EUR 206.72 | +18.4% |
| Barclays | 18 Jul 2025 | 2 | EUR 176.51 | EUR 198.24 | +15.3% |
| Occidental Petroleum | 26 Mar 2025 | 1 | EUR 140.00 | EUR 164.83 | +19.7% |
| ShopifyAI | 23 Feb 2026 | 1 | EUR 110.00 | EUR 156.07 | +41.9% |
| BlackRock | 7 Nov 2024 | 1 | EUR 150.06 | EUR 150.81 | +3.9% |
| Bayerische Motoren Werke | 7 May 2024 | 3 | EUR 240.00 | EUR 147.75 | -29.1% |
| Vodafone | 8 Jan 2026 | 2 | EUR 125.00 | EUR 143.48 | +16.7% |
| SoFi Technologies | 6 Nov 2025 | 2 | EUR 230.17 | EUR 134.54 | -41.5% |
| Mercedes-Benz | 30 May 2023 | 4 | EUR 196.44 | EUR 134.07 | -20.6% |
| McDonald's | 6 Aug 2024 | 2 | EUR 136.12 | EUR 109.51 | -15.8% |
| SpaceX | 12 Jun 2026 | 1 | EUR 103.20 | EUR 108.85 | +5.5% |
| Taiwan Semiconductor ManufacturingAI | 9 Jun 2026 | 1 | EUR 100.00 | EUR 108.42 | +8.8% |
| UnitedHealth | 28 Oct 2025 | 1 | EUR 100.00 | EUR 107.37 | +9.5% |
| QualcommAI | 28 Oct 2025 | 1 | EUR 100.81 | EUR 101.28 | +2.2% |
| Walt Disney | 7 Mar 2024 | 1 | EUR 100.31 | EUR 95.51 | -2.6% |
| Volkswagen | 28 Aug 2023 | 3 | EUR 149.51 | EUR 92.18 | -28.6% |
| iShares Global Clean Energy Transition (Dist) | 24 Apr 2026 | 1 | EUR 100.00 | EUR 88.03 | -11.8% |
| Johnson & Johnson | 27 Feb 2023 | 1 | EUR 49.99 | EUR 78.70 | +66.5% |
| Novo Nordisk | 7 Oct 2024 | 2 | EUR 152.49 | EUR 68.67 | -52.8% |
| Heineken | 27 Nov 2023 | 2 | EUR 80.00 | EUR 65.76 | -12.3% |
| Rheinmetall | 25 Jun 2026 | 4 | EUR 60.00 | EUR 48.97 | -18.4% |
| Siemens Healthineers | 26 Jan 2026 | 1 | EUR 51.70 | EUR 46.55 | -8.3% |
| Domino's Pizza | 26 Feb 2024 | 1 | EUR 50.00 | EUR 33.71 | -29.1% |
| Monday.comAI | 24 Oct 2025 | 1 | EUR 60.00 | EUR 27.74 | -53.8% |
| LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton | 4 Jul 2024 | 1 | EUR 50.00 | EUR 26.32 | -44.6% |
| Nike | 25 May 2023 | 1 | EUR 49.99 | EUR 15.29 | -65.4% |
| Lockheed Martin | 7 Oct 2025 | 1 | EUR 75.95 | sold | -4.2% |
| Medical Properties Trust | 7 Apr 2025 | 1 | EUR 75.00 | sold | -2.7% |
| ExxonMobil | 7 Feb 2023 | 1 | EUR 50.00 | sold | -0.9% |
| PayPal | 27 Feb 2023 | 1 | EUR 50.00 | sold | -22.3% |
| BYD | 25 Aug 2025 | 1 | EUR 32.84 | sold | -9.3% |
| NIO | 22 Dec 2023 | 1 | EUR 30.00 | sold | -23.1% |
The full ledger
221 entries, newest first. Amounts are in euros including currency conversion. Shares are as the broker recorded them at the time (before later splits).
| Date | Instrument | Side | Shares | Price (EUR) | Amount (EUR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 Oct 2026 | ServiceNow | Buy | 0.317431 | 126.01 | -40.00 |
| 9 Oct 2026 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.160001 | 312.50 | -50.00 |
| 9 Oct 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.043816 | 1,597.60 | -70.00 |
| 28 Sep 2026 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.380498 | 131.41 | -50.00 |
| 28 Sep 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.033008 | 1,514.80 | -50.00 |
| 28 Sep 2026 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.111575 | 448.13 | -50.00 |
| 25 Sep 2026 | Rheinmetall | Buy | 0.002018 | 991.10 | -2.00 |
| 8 Sep 2026 | Tesla | Buy | 0.259144 | 308.71 | -80.00 |
| 7 Sep 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.047094 | 1,486.40 | -70.00 |
| 26 Aug 2026 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.392702 | 127.32 | -50.00 |
| 25 Aug 2026 | Dlocal | Buy | 3.988714 | 13.04 | -52.00 |
| 25 Aug 2026 | Datadog | Buy | 0.258357 | 193.53 | -50.00 |
| 25 Aug 2026 | Rheinmetall | Buy | 0.001784 | 1,120.81 | -2.00 |
| 7 Aug 2026 | Rheinmetall | Buy | 0.046233 | 1,168.00 | -54.00 |
| 7 Aug 2026 | Apple | Buy | 0.184763 | 270.62 | -50.00 |
| 7 Aug 2026 | iShares MSCI Europe ex-UK GBP Hedged (Dist) | Buy | 4.427076 | 11.29 | -50.00 |
| 28 Jul 2026 | Tesla | Buy | 0.32852 | 267.87 | -88.00 |
| 28 Jul 2026 | IonQ | Buy | 1.939548 | 30.94 | -60.00 |
| 7 Jul 2026 | Bayerische Motoren Werke | Converted in | 2.774193 | ||
| 7 Jul 2026 | Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) | Converted out | 2.774193 | ||
| 6 Jul 2026 | ServiceNow | Buy | 0.655042 | 94.56 | -61.94 |
| 6 Jul 2026 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.42885 | 116.59 | -50.00 |
| 6 Jul 2026 | Palantir | Buy | 0.43171 | 115.82 | -50.00 |
| 25 Jun 2026 | Rheinmetall | Buy | 0.002114 | 946.20 | -2.00 |
| 24 Jun 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.032262 | 1,549.80 | -50.00 |
| 24 Jun 2026 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.396277 | 126.17 | -50.00 |
| 24 Jun 2026 | Datadog | Buy | 0.255443 | 195.74 | -50.00 |
| 12 Jun 2026 | SpaceX | Buy | 0.750288 | 137.55 | -103.20 |
| 9 Jun 2026 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.107586 | 509.83 | -54.85 |
| 9 Jun 2026 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing | Buy | 0.26802 | 373.11 | -100.00 |
| 26 May 2026 | ServiceNow | Buy | 0.770979 | 87.59 | -67.53 |
| 26 May 2026 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 3.390307 | 14.75 | -50.00 |
| 26 May 2026 | Palantir | Buy | 0.425354 | 117.55 | -50.00 |
| 8 May 2026 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.442789 | 173.38 | -76.77 |
| 8 May 2026 | Dlocal | Buy | 6.382786 | 11.75 | -75.00 |
| 29 Apr 2026 | Dlocal | Buy | 8.78492 | 11.38 | -100.00 |
| 24 Apr 2026 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.203929 | 290.84 | -59.31 |
| 24 Apr 2026 | iShares Global Clean Energy Transition (Dist) | Buy | 9.979365 | 10.02 | -100.00 |
| 13 Apr 2026 | ServiceNow | Buy | 2.174024 | 71.46 | -155.35 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.634937 | 157.50 | -100.00 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Palantir | Buy | 0.587271 | 136.22 | -80.00 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.057941 | 252.50 | -14.63 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 7.216654 | 13.86 | -100.00 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Tesla | Buy | 0.297461 | 336.18 | -100.00 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.04101 | 1,219.20 | -50.00 |
| 25 Mar 2026 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.391531 | 153.24 | -60.00 |
| 6 Mar 2026 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 3.338654 | 14.98 | -50.00 |
| 6 Mar 2026 | SM Energy | Buy | 2.245123 | 22.27 | -50.00 |
| 6 Mar 2026 | ASML | Buy | 0.042031 | 1,189.60 | -50.00 |
| 27 Feb 2026 | Vodafone | Buy | 19.227834 | 1.30 | -25.00 |
| 27 Feb 2026 | Barclays | Buy | 14.039126 | 5.34 | -75.00 |
| 27 Feb 2026 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.317783 | 157.34 | -50.00 |
| 23 Feb 2026 | Tesla | Buy | 0.119637 | 346.97 | -41.51 |
| 23 Feb 2026 | Shopify | Buy | 1.023638 | 107.46 | -110.00 |
| 6 Feb 2026 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.2944 | 135.87 | -40.00 |
| 6 Feb 2026 | Palantir | Buy | 0.43387 | 115.24 | -50.00 |
| 6 Feb 2026 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 4.270615 | 14.05 | -60.00 |
| 26 Jan 2026 | Siemens Healthineers | Buy | 1.189326 | 43.47 | -51.70 |
| 26 Jan 2026 | Datadog | Buy | 0.894014 | 111.86 | -100.00 |
| 8 Jan 2026 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.186344 | 277.77 | -51.76 |
| 8 Jan 2026 | Vodafone | Buy | 83.531903 | 1.20 | -100.00 |
| 22 Dec 2025 | SoFi Technologies | Buy | 3.397147 | 23.55 | -80.00 |
| 22 Dec 2025 | IonQ | Buy | 1.92494 | 41.56 | -80.00 |
| 22 Dec 2025 | Palantir | Buy | 0.361819 | 165.83 | -60.00 |
| 22 Dec 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.214458 | 155.04 | -33.25 |
| 5 Dec 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.307021 | 163.80 | -50.29 |
| 5 Dec 2025 | Albemarle | Buy | 0.452323 | 110.54 | -50.00 |
| 5 Dec 2025 | Palantir | Buy | 0.321455 | 155.54 | -50.00 |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.650833 | 154.17 | -100.34 |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Netflix | Buy | 1.10225 | 90.72 | -100.00 |
| 17 Nov 2025 | Netflix | Split 10-for-1 | |||
| 6 Nov 2025 | SoFi Technologies | Buy | 6.145039 | 24.44 | -150.17 |
| 6 Nov 2025 | Palantir | Buy | 3.038881 | 164.53 | -500.00 |
| 6 Nov 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 2.901434 | 172.33 | -500.00 |
| 4 Nov 2025 | Palantir | Sell | 5.973529 | 167.41 | +1,000.00 |
| 3 Nov 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 4.635716 | 183.36 | -850.00 |
| 30 Oct 2025 | Nvidia | Sell | 4.884789 | 174.01 | +850.00 |
| 28 Oct 2025 | Qualcomm | Buy | 0.646673 | 155.89 | -100.81 |
| 28 Oct 2025 | UnitedHealth | Buy | 0.317207 | 315.25 | -100.00 |
| 28 Oct 2025 | Medical Properties Trust | Sell | 16.55545 | 4.29 | +71.02 |
| 28 Oct 2025 | BYD | Sell | 2.575511 | 11.57 | +29.79 |
| 24 Oct 2025 | Monday.com | Buy | 0.349467 | 171.69 | -60.00 |
| 24 Oct 2025 | SM Energy | Buy | 4.250741 | 18.82 | -80.00 |
| 24 Oct 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.505098 | 158.39 | -80.00 |
| 21 Oct 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.339478 | 156.39 | -53.09 |
| 21 Oct 2025 | Advanced Micro Devices | Buy | 0.435749 | 206.54 | -90.00 |
| 21 Oct 2025 | ExxonMobil | Sell | 0.471192 | 97.03 | +45.72 |
| 21 Oct 2025 | Lockheed Martin | Sell | 0.172635 | 421.70 | +72.80 |
| 21 Oct 2025 | NIO | Sell | 3.9171 | 5.89 | +23.06 |
| 7 Oct 2025 | Lockheed Martin | Buy | 0.172635 | 439.95 | -75.95 |
| 7 Oct 2025 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.122988 | 609.81 | -75.00 |
| 25 Sep 2025 | Novo Nordisk | Buy | 1.070133 | 49.05 | -52.49 |
| 25 Sep 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.364762 | 150.78 | -55.00 |
| 25 Sep 2025 | IonQ | Buy | 1.599752 | 62.51 | -100.00 |
| 5 Sep 2025 | IonQ | Buy | 2.133983 | 35.15 | -75.00 |
| 5 Sep 2025 | Albemarle | Buy | 1.078262 | 69.56 | -75.00 |
| 25 Aug 2025 | BYD | Buy | 2.575511 | 12.75 | -32.84 |
| 25 Aug 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.458257 | 152.75 | -70.00 |
| 25 Aug 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.291715 | 171.40 | -50.00 |
| 7 Aug 2025 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.445734 | 169.94 | -75.75 |
| 7 Aug 2025 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.478467 | 156.75 | -75.00 |
| 25 Jul 2025 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.723705 | 104.13 | -75.36 |
| 25 Jul 2025 | Snowflake | Buy | 0.407281 | 184.15 | -75.00 |
| 18 Jul 2025 | Barclays | Buy | 25.069793 | 4.05 | -101.51 |
| 18 Jul 2025 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.481261 | 103.89 | -50.00 |
| 18 Jul 2025 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 4.271719 | 11.70 | -50.00 |
| 7 Jul 2025 | Snowflake | Buy | 0.264435 | 189.08 | -50.00 |
| 7 Jul 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.24549 | 206.20 | -50.62 |
| 7 Jul 2025 | Netflix | Buy | 0.045157 | 1,107.24 | -50.00 |
| 24 Jun 2025 | Snowflake | Buy | 0.436398 | 188.02 | -82.05 |
| 24 Jun 2025 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.51653 | 145.20 | -75.00 |
| 27 May 2025 | Volkswagen | Buy | 0.506706 | 97.65 | -49.48 |
| 27 May 2025 | Mercedes-Benz | Buy | 0.964318 | 51.85 | -50.00 |
| 27 May 2025 | iShares MSCI Europe ex-UK GBP Hedged (Dist) | Buy | 7.838349 | 9.57 | -75.00 |
| 8 May 2025 | iShares MSCI Europe ex-UK GBP Hedged (Dist) | Buy | 11.105782 | 9.14 | -101.50 |
| 8 May 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.240384 | 208.00 | -50.00 |
| 23 Apr 2025 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 5.87969 | 8.50 | -50.00 |
| 23 Apr 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.239348 | 208.90 | -50.00 |
| 23 Apr 2025 | Netflix | Buy | 0.054293 | 920.93 | -50.00 |
| 7 Apr 2025 | McDonald's | Buy | 0.281824 | 270.10 | -76.12 |
| 7 Apr 2025 | Medical Properties Trust | Buy | 16.55545 | 4.53 | -75.00 |
| 28 Mar 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.634599 | 221.10 | -140.31 |
| 28 Mar 2025 | Snowflake | Buy | 1.099203 | 145.56 | -160.00 |
| 28 Mar 2025 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.400822 | 498.97 | -200.00 |
| 26 Mar 2025 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 10.280256 | 9.73 | -100.00 |
| 26 Mar 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.279311 | 223.80 | -62.51 |
| 26 Mar 2025 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.203165 | 492.21 | -100.00 |
| 26 Mar 2025 | Amazon | Buy | 0.523815 | 190.91 | -100.00 |
| 26 Mar 2025 | Occidental Petroleum | Buy | 3.072879 | 45.56 | -140.00 |
| 7 Mar 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.21098 | 238.60 | -50.34 |
| 7 Mar 2025 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 10.338546 | 9.67 | -100.00 |
| 25 Feb 2025 | Mercedes-Benz | Buy | 1.015152 | 59.39 | -60.29 |
| 25 Feb 2025 | Adidas | Buy | 0.369458 | 243.60 | -90.00 |
| 7 Feb 2025 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 0.275187 | 181.69 | -50.00 |
| 7 Feb 2025 | Amazon | Buy | 0.451305 | 221.58 | -100.00 |
| 28 Jan 2025 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 7.064504 | 7.08 | -50.00 |
| 27 Jan 2025 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.056439 | 450.40 | -25.42 |
| 27 Jan 2025 | Netflix | Buy | 0.081411 | 921.25 | -75.00 |
| 10 Jan 2025 | Apple | Buy | 0.217345 | 235.98 | -51.29 |
| 10 Jan 2025 | Amazon | Buy | 0.231258 | 216.21 | -50.00 |
| 10 Jan 2025 | Netflix | Buy | 0.058082 | 860.69 | -49.99 |
| 20 Dec 2024 | Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) | Buy | 0.710225 | 70.40 | -50.00 |
| 20 Dec 2024 | Netflix | Buy | 0.114481 | 873.51 | -100.00 |
| 20 Dec 2024 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.090506 | 577.09 | -52.23 |
| 20 Dec 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.463468 | 215.76 | -100.00 |
| 5 Dec 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.169514 | 444.15 | -75.29 |
| 5 Dec 2024 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.68535 | 109.43 | -75.00 |
| 26 Nov 2024 | ASML | Buy | 0.077912 | 642.90 | -50.09 |
| 26 Nov 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.520179 | 192.24 | -100.00 |
| 7 Nov 2024 | BlackRock | Buy | 0.156135 | 961.09 | -150.06 |
| 28 Oct 2024 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.09306 | 537.29 | -50.00 |
| 28 Oct 2024 | Microsoft | Buy | 0.125051 | 399.84 | -50.00 |
| 28 Oct 2024 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 7.387077 | 6.77 | -50.00 |
| 7 Oct 2024 | Apple | Buy | 0.247144 | 204.54 | -50.55 |
| 7 Oct 2024 | Novo Nordisk | Buy | 0.94091 | 106.28 | -100.00 |
| 25 Sep 2024 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 0.789338 | 97.52 | -76.98 |
| 25 Sep 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.185246 | 404.87 | -75.00 |
| 6 Sep 2024 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.154579 | 452.84 | -70.00 |
| 6 Sep 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.191905 | 416.87 | -80.00 |
| 27 Aug 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.244698 | 408.67 | -100.00 |
| 27 Aug 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.321086 | 157.71 | -50.64 |
| 6 Aug 2024 | McDonald's | Buy | 0.239878 | 250.13 | -60.00 |
| 6 Aug 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.333996 | 149.70 | -50.00 |
| 6 Aug 2024 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.413769 | 96.67 | -40.00 |
| 26 Jul 2024 | Vanguard S&P 500 (Acc) | Buy | 1.054005 | 95.21 | -100.35 |
| 26 Jul 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.298237 | 167.65 | -50.00 |
| 5 Jul 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.132861 | 376.33 | -50.00 |
| 4 Jul 2024 | Adidas | Buy | 0.230308 | 217.10 | -50.00 |
| 4 Jul 2024 | LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton | Buy | 0.069256 | 721.96 | -50.00 |
| 4 Jul 2024 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 9.086403 | 5.50 | -50.00 |
| 1 Jul 2024 | Microsoft | Buy | 0.18051 | 423.47 | -76.44 |
| 1 Jul 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.197928 | 378.93 | -75.00 |
| 11 Jun 2024 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.143044 | 113.60 | -16.25 |
| 11 Jun 2024 | Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) | Buy | 1.044082 | 86.20 | -90.00 |
| 10 Jun 2024 | Nvidia | Split 10-for-1 | |||
| 28 May 2024 | Palantir | Buy | 3.07244 | 19.53 | -60.00 |
| 28 May 2024 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.228994 | 441.89 | -101.19 |
| 7 May 2024 | Bayerische Motoren Werke (Preferred) | Buy | 1.019886 | 98.05 | -100.00 |
| 7 May 2024 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.133427 | 377.51 | -50.37 |
| 25 Mar 2024 | Microsoft | Buy | 0.127381 | 395.27 | -50.35 |
| 25 Mar 2024 | Netflix | Buy | 0.171215 | 584.06 | -100.00 |
| 8 Mar 2024 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.340344 | 881.46 | -300.00 |
| 8 Mar 2024 | Palantir | Buy | 12.252606 | 24.48 | -300.00 |
| 8 Mar 2024 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 3.161611 | 126.52 | -400.00 |
| 8 Mar 2024 | Coinbase | Buy | 2.078094 | 240.61 | -500.00 |
| 7 Mar 2024 | Walt Disney | Buy | 0.990552 | 101.27 | -100.31 |
| 26 Feb 2024 | Adidas | Buy | 0.265636 | 188.34 | -50.03 |
| 26 Feb 2024 | Domino's Pizza | Buy | 0.122122 | 409.43 | -50.00 |
| 26 Feb 2024 | Rolls-Royce | Buy | 11.895253 | 4.20 | -50.00 |
| 12 Feb 2024 | ASML | Buy | 0.044369 | 875.60 | -38.85 |
| 12 Feb 2024 | PayPal | Sell | 0.711014 | 54.64 | +38.85 |
| 25 Jan 2024 | Amazon | Buy | 0.345985 | 144.98 | -50.16 |
| 25 Jan 2024 | Advanced Micro Devices | Buy | 0.303341 | 164.83 | -50.00 |
| 25 Jan 2024 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.087895 | 568.86 | -50.00 |
| 27 Dec 2023 | Heineken | Buy | 0.327867 | 91.50 | -30.00 |
| 22 Dec 2023 | Palantir | Buy | 2.558718 | 15.89 | -40.67 |
| 22 Dec 2023 | NIO | Buy | 3.9171 | 7.66 | -30.00 |
| 22 Dec 2023 | Coinbase | Buy | 0.312861 | 159.82 | -50.00 |
| 27 Nov 2023 | Coinbase | Buy | 0.482885 | 103.59 | -50.02 |
| 27 Nov 2023 | Heineken | Buy | 0.596799 | 83.78 | -50.00 |
| 31 Oct 2023 | Mercedes-Benz | Buy | 0.903601 | 55.50 | -50.15 |
| 31 Oct 2023 | Volkswagen | Buy | 0.459981 | 108.70 | -50.00 |
| 28 Sep 2023 | Meta Platforms | Buy | 0.176131 | 283.88 | -50.00 |
| 26 Sep 2023 | Coinbase | Buy | 0.718638 | 67.82 | -48.74 |
| 26 Sep 2023 | Tesla | Buy | 0.220745 | 229.54 | -50.67 |
| 26 Sep 2023 | Coinbase | Buy | 0.018389 | 67.98 | -1.25 |
| 28 Aug 2023 | Advanced Micro Devices | Buy | 0.520772 | 95.99 | -49.99 |
| 28 Aug 2023 | Volkswagen | Buy | 0.380022 | 131.65 | -50.03 |
| 26 Jul 2023 | Berkshire Hathaway (Class B) | Buy | 0.317473 | 315.40 | -100.13 |
| 5 Jul 2023 | Nvidia | Buy | 0.259784 | 387.51 | -100.67 |
| 30 May 2023 | Apple | Buy | 0.181687 | 165.06 | -29.99 |
| 30 May 2023 | Adidas | Buy | 0.217761 | 156.18 | -34.01 |
| 30 May 2023 | Mercedes-Benz | Buy | 0.503495 | 71.50 | -36.00 |
| 25 May 2023 | Palantir | Buy | 4.086777 | 12.32 | -50.36 |
| 25 May 2023 | Nike | Buy | 0.493715 | 101.25 | -49.99 |
| 1 May 2023 | Tesla | Buy | 0.679975 | 147.06 | -100.00 |
| 27 Feb 2023 | Johnson & Johnson | Buy | 0.337324 | 148.20 | -49.99 |
| 27 Feb 2023 | PayPal | Buy | 0.711014 | 70.32 | -50.00 |
| 7 Feb 2023 | ExxonMobil | Buy | 0.471192 | 106.11 | -50.00 |
| 7 Feb 2023 | Amazon | Buy | 1.401732 | 92.74 | -129.99 |
| 7 Feb 2023 | Alphabet (Class C) | Buy | 2.260064 | 97.34 | -220.00 |
How this was rebuilt
Holdings were replayed day by day from the account ledger and valued at daily closes converted to euros with European Central Bank reference rates, then to dollars the same way, so the comparison with the dollar-priced index ETFs is like for like. Deposits and deposit fees are treated as money moving in or out, not as gains; dividends and interest count as returns. The rebuilt value at the handover close is EUR 23,183.45 against EUR 23,179.98 in the account snapshot, a difference of +0.01%. The AI's starting positions were seeded from this account on 9 Oct 2026. See the seed.
Disclaimer
Hypothetical portfolio. This is a hypothetical paper portfolio. No real money is traded. Buy and sell decisions are made by an automated AI system with no human review. Nothing here is investment advice or a recommendation. Simulated results ignore fees, slippage and taxes.
The AI era is a hypothetical paper portfolio with no real money. The history above is the earlier hand-built account, shown to give the AI's starting point context. Past results do not predict future results; nothing here is investment advice, and you should not copy it. How the paper portfolio works.